Patients could not have an active second malignancy except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, or other cancer for which the patient has

been disease-free for at least 3 years. All women of child-bearing age had to either be surgically sterile or on oral contraceptives and were required to have a negative urine pregnancy test within 7 days of enrollment Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical in the study. Study design This was a single arm, open-label phase II study. Lapatinib was administered at 1,250 mg by mouth daily one hour before or after breakfast on a continuous basis and not by weight or body surface area (BSA). Lapatinib was taken daily without planned breaks in treatment. Capecitabine Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical was given at 2,000 mg/m2 of BSA, by mouth, divided into twice daily dosing on days 1 though 14. Each cycle was defined as 21 days. Doses were based on current body weight. Study assessments All patients had measureable disease at enrollment and disease response was defined by RECIST 1.0. Toxicity was determined by the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Reactions (NCI-CTCAE) version 3.0. Patients had repeat history and physical examinations

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical every 3 weeks, lab work every 3 weeks and a radiologic examination every 9 weeks to determine tumor response. Toxicity Toxicity grades were assigned using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 3 (2006). Dose reductions for both lapatinib and capecitabine were allowed for toxicities grades 2 and 3. For grade 2 or 3 hematologic toxicity, bilirubin Cediranib nmr elevated less than or equal to two times the upper limit of normal, and grade 2 cardiac events Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical both capecitabine and lapatinib were held until the toxicity was grade 0 or 1. Thereafter, lapatinib could be resumed at full dose; if the event appeared 3 or more times lapatinib could be dose reduced to 1,000 mg and required dose reduction with 4 episodes of grade 2 cardiac toxicity. Capecitabine required a dose reduction of 25% with 1-2 events, 50% with 3 events and discontinuation heptaminol of therapy with 4 hematologic events. Dose reductions were required for capecitabine in patients with renal dysfunction with a creatinine clearance less than 51 mL/min. If the creatinine clearance was 30-50 mL/min, capecitabine was reduced by 25%. For creatinine clearance <30 mL/min, capecitabine was to be discontinued. If AST elevation >3 times the upper limit of normal and total bilirubin >2 times the upper limit of normal (35% direct) then study drugs were to be discontinued. If AST was >3 but <5 times the upper limit of normal and total bilirubin was ≤2 times the upper limit of normal without symptoms of hepatitis then study drug was held until lab values normalized. If the liver function tests stayed abnormal for 4 or more weeks, the patient was to be taken off study.