Patients and methods: Over three years, 400 children underwent primary isolated adenoidectomy followed by topical application of tranexamic acid (tranexamic acid group, 200 children) or saline (Placebo group, 200 children) with at least two weeks’ follow up. Intra-operative blood loss and postoperative hemorrhage were monitored.
Results: Both groups were almost equivalent in age and gender. The frequency of primary post-adenoidectomy hemorrhage as well as the rate of postnasal packing and blood transfusion required to manage severe bleeding were higher in placebo group. The volume of blood loss during surgery showed significant reduction in tranexamic acid group.
Conclusion: Topical application
of tranexamic acid after adenoidectomy led to a significant reduction in blood loss during surgery and decreasing in the rate of post-operative bleeding as well as Staurosporine nmr the need for postnasal packing and blood transfusion. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health care problem, affecting 3% of women of childbearing age.
Aim: This study attempted to systematically review the literature for 2000-2009 on pregnancy in CKD, as a guide for counseling.
Methods: Data sources included a Medline search for
2000-2009, employing MESH and free terms on pregnancy and CKD, limited to humans and English-language publications. Only studies observing at least 25 pregnancies were considered. The bibliographic search, abstract screening and data extraction VX-809 order were performed in duplicate. Out of over 3,000 references and 276 full texts, 23 studies fulfilled the selection criteria; 3 were added from references.
Results:
The 26 studies reported on over 2,000 click here pregnancies. Five main categories were identified: CKD (399 pregnancies, excluding 2 population studies), lupus nephropathy (431 pregnancies), diabetic nephropathy (386 pregnancies), hematuria (310 pregnancies), kidney donors (586 pregnancies) and other. Definitions of diseases, outcomes and stratifications were nonhomogeneous, thus impairing meta-analytic pooling and quantification of the risks. Within these limits, 3 major qualitative determinants of outcome were confirmed as relevant in all subsets: CKD stage, hypertension and proteinuria. Their combination may multiply the interrelated major risks (for the mother: preeclampsia, renal function impairment and proteinuria; for the offspring: small babies, prematurity, death). Specifically, mothers with lupus nephritis have a relevant risk of death (1.15%), and share with diabetic nephropathy, the risk for perinatal death (up to 23% in lupus, 10% in diabetes). Malformations were not increased, except for urinary tract malformation in reflux nephropathy.
Conclusions: There is a strong need to unify definitions and stratifications to allow quantitative evidence-based counseling for pregnant patients with CKD.