PACE 2012; 35:e47e51)”
“An increased incidence of myocardial infarction with rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been reported. This study aimed to assess the effect of rosiglitazone on endothelial function, assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), in 34 patients with advanced T2DM treated with insulin without known cardiovascular disease. Patients were randomised into two groups: no additional treatment was given in 17 patients, while 17 patients were given rosiglitazone for 6 months. Addition of rosiglitazone significantly reduced glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) (p < 0.0005) and fasting glucose (p < 0.05) and improved FMD (p
< 0.005). No significant changes were observed in the insulin-only group. The single Selleck CA3 independent predictor of FMD improvement was rosiglitazone
treatment (p = 0.048). These results DAPT cell line show that, in patients with advanced T2DM treated with insulin, addition of rosiglitazone may have a beneficial effect on endothelial function. Further research is needed to investigate why this beneficial effect does not translate into improved cardiovascular prognosis in these patients.”
“Purpose: To assess a schema for estimating the risk of radiation-induced breast cancer following exposure of the breast to ionizing radiation as would occur with mammography and to provide data that can be used to estimate the potential number of breast cancers, cancer deaths, and woman-years of life lost attributable Z-VAD-FMK in vivo to radiation exposure delivered according to a variety of screening scenarios.
Materials and Methods: An excess absolute risk model was used to predict the number of radiation-induced breast cancers attributable to the radiation dose received for a single typical digital mammography examination. The algorithm was then extended to consider the consequences of various scenarios for routine screening beginning and ending at different ages, with examinations taking place at 1- or 2-year intervals. A life-table correction was applied
to consider reductions of the cohort size over time owing to nonradiation-related causes of death. Finally, the numbers of breast cancer deaths and woman-years of life lost that might be attributable to the radiation exposure were calculated. Cancer incidence and cancer deaths were estimated for individual attained ages following the onset of screening, and lifetime risks were also calculated.
Results: For a cohort of 100 000 women each receiving a dose of 3.7 mGy to both breasts and who were screened annually from age 40 to 55 years and biennially thereafter to age 74 years, it is predicted that there will be 86 cancers induced and 11 deaths due to radiation-induced breast cancer.