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All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Edoxaban Industrial operations such as spin coating, painting, and lubrication are based on spreading of fluids over solid surfaces. The fluid may be simple [1–3] or particulate such as paint, ink, or dye [4]. For many years, capillary flow of simple fluids has received considerable attention, and physics of capillary action is known for a long time [5–9]. In addition, capillary flow of micellar surfactant solutions which contain monodisperse and naturally stabilized nanoparticles has been studied [10–14]. However, the same study on liquids laden with metallic and oxide nanoparticles such as silver, copper, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide is scarce. These fluid suspensions are termed as nanofluids after the seminal work by Choi and Eastman [15]. The application of nanofluids is coined with enhanced heat transfer performance compared with their base fluids.