We PD0332991 ic50 discuss the implications of these findings for language production research and for models

of lexical-semantic encoding.”
“Observers frequently remember seeing more of a scene than was shown (boundary extension). Does this reflect a lack of eye fixations to the boundary region? Single-object photographs were presented for 14-15 s each. Main objects were either whole or slightly cropped by one boundary, creating a salient marker of boundary placement. All participants expected a memory test, but only half were informed that boundary memory would be tested. Participants in both conditions made multiple fixations to the boundary region and the cropped region during study. Demonstrating the importance of these regions, test-informed participants fixated them sooner, longer, and more frequently. Boundary ratings (Experiment 1) and border adjustment tasks (Experiments 2-4) revealed boundary extension in both conditions. The error was reduced, but selleck chemicals not eliminated, in the test-informed condition. Surprisingly, test knowledge and multiple fixations to the salient cropped region, during study and at test, were insufficient to overcome boundary extension on the cropped side. Results are discussed within

a traditional visual-centric framework versus a multisource model of scene perception.”
“Many aspects of language associated with an object’s noun inform about the location of the object the noun refers to, in relation to the action system. In the present study, we tested whether the www.selleck.cn/products/DAPT-GSI-IX.html determiners la (the) and cette (that) in French language carry embodied spatial information. In Experiment 1,

participants performed a reachability judgement task after having evaluated the correct spelling of both a determiner (la or cette) and an object-noun (balle-ball, tasse-cup, or pomme-apple). We found that response time for judging reachability was shorter when the determiner la rather than cette was previously presented. The opposite pattern of results was observed with unreachable objects. Furthermore, the boundary of reachable space was perceived further away when the determiner la rather than cette was previously presented. In Experiment 2, we evaluated whether watching a reachable or unreachable object influenced the subsequent spelling judgement task of a determiner (la or cette) and a noun (balle, tasse, or pomme). Results showed that reachable space was wider, and reachability estimates were faster, when judging reachability than when judging unreachability. Moreover, spelling judgements were faster when the stimulus was the determiner la rather than cette, whatever the reachability of the object presented before. Considered together, these data stress the close connection between the spatial content of determiners and the representation of action possibilities, giving some evidence for embodied language processing.