Therapeutic PossibilitiesThe use of COX inhibitors for posttraumatic neuropathic pain is an established therapeutical intervention. However, given the association that exists between AA derivatives and nerve degeneration and regeneration, the therapeutic selleck screening library modulation of this pathway emerges as a novel strategy aimed at increased motor, sensory, and structural recovery after nerve injury. We summarize some of the potential mechanisms involved in Figure 1. Currently, COX inhibitors, LOX inhibitors, PG analogues, among other drugs, are approved for human use in clinical situations (Table 1). The development of phospholipase modulators and other drugs targeting AA derivatives is an active field of research, which will soon clarify the validity of this therapeutic strategy.Figure 1Proposed theoretical framework.

After nerve injury, AA derivatives produced in neurons and microglia participate in nerve degeneration and regeneration, through local, remote, and molecular pathways. Injury promotes SC infiltration and activation as well …Table 1Clinically approved modulators of arachidonic acid derivatives. The dual function of AA derivatives, as promoters and inhibitors of nerve degeneration and recovery, will complicate the clinical application of these drugs. It is becoming evident that the dual role of neuroinflammation as both injurious and as a promoter of regeneration is a complex one, even at the molecular level. It is most likely that a combination approach will be fruitful, using compounds that optimize regeneration and others that diminish degeneration.

The exact time of administration will also be important, since some of these molecules are expressed early after injury, while others begin to be produced in the late stages after regeneration. Additionally, although the evidence reviewed here concerns primarily peripheral nerve injury, most of the concepts could be applied both to spinal cord and CNS injury. In conclusion, the findings reviewed here point toward a new avenue in the pharmacological treatment of nerve injury, based on a pathophysiologically relevant paradigm (Table 2). The numerous compunds that exist today suggest that clinical studies are warranted.Table 2Selected animal and human therapeutic studies.Conflict of InterestsThe authors declare no conflict of interests.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most important cardiovascular diseases with large medical expenditures.

Decreased occurrences of AMI have been demonstrated epidemiologically [1, 2]. Through corrections of risk factors and intensive medical management, the mortality of AMI was significantly reduced [3�C6]. Gender differences play an important role in the pathophysiology of AMI. Although coronary plaque rupture with acute thrombosis formation is common pathophysiology AV-951 for men and women, women are usually older than men and associated with a low incidence of AMI, but with a higher mortality [7�C16].