The name was reinstated by Holm (1957) and was represented by N. hirta, which was
concurrently treated as a synonym of N. derasa (Berk. & Broome) L. Holm. The most outstanding morphological characters of Nodulosphaeria were considered to be apex of ascomata often covered with setae, selleck chemicals ascospore with three or more transverse septa with a supramedian enlarged cell or elongated to a scolecospore, mostly with terminal appendages (Barr 1992a; Holm 1961; Shoemaker 1984b). The ascomata are usually immersed and the peridium comprises a few layers of brown, relatively thin-walled cells of textura angularis and textura prismatica LY2874455 ic50 similar to those of Phaeosphaeria. Thus, Nodulosphaeria is likely to be a member of Phaeosphaeriaceae. However, this needs to be confirmed by molecular analysis. The boundary between Nodulosphaeria and Ophiobolus is not clear-cut, and the circumscriptions of them usually depend on the viewpoint of different mycologists. For instance, Shoemaker (1976) has assigned some Nodulosphaeria
species such as N. erythrospora, N. fruticum, N. mathieui and N. megalosporus to Ophiobolus. Subsequently, more species were added to Nodulosphaeria (Barr 1992a; Shoemaker 1984b; Shoemaker and Babcock 1987). Currently, more than 60 names are included in Nodulosphaeria (http://www.mycobank.org/, 06/2010). Phylogenetic study None. Concluding remarks Selleck RAD001 All species included in Nodulosphaeria have an inflated ascospore cell as mentioned above. However, it is likely that this character would have evolved more than once as it is probably an adaption for ascospore ejection from the ascus (Shoemaker 1976). It occurs in Ophiobolus species and the ascomata of these species are quite dissimilar to Nodulosphaeria species and their exclusion from Nodulosphaeria seems warranted.
When considering whether a species belongs in Nodulosphaeria, one must also consider the ascomata and peridium structure until DNA sequences are available. Ohleria Fuckel, Fungi rhenani exsic.: no. 2173 (1868). (Melanommataceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata small to medium size, solitary, scattered, or in small groups, erumpent to nearly superficial, papillate, ostiolate. Astemizole Peridium thin, thicker at the apex, 1-layered. Hamathecium of dense, long trabeculate pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical, with a short pedicel. Ascospore brown to reddish brown, broadly to narrowly fusoid, 3-septate, easily separating into two parts at the primary septum. Anamorphs reported for genus: Monodictys (Samuels 1980). Literature: Barr 1990b; Clements and Shear 1931; Patel et al. 1997; Samuels 1980. Type species Ohleria modesta Fuckel, Fungi rhenani exsic. (1868) (Fig. 68) Fig. 68 Ohleria modesta (from g: f. rh. 2173, isotype). a Ascomata scattering on host surface. b Section of a partial peridium.