Simulations based on macrospin and micromagnetic theories without account of thermal fluctuations are performed and compared. We demonstrate that short-pulse precessional switching with perpendicularly polarized current requires a shorter time and smaller energy than switching with collinear in-plane spin polarization. We also show that memory cells based on precessional switching are superior to those in current technologies. We study the dependence of switching on the magnitude of current and pulse duration. An increased Gilbert damping is found to improve tolerances of perpendicular-polarization

switching without increasing the threshold current, unlike in-plane switching. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3429250]“
“Nanocomposites PF-6463922 nmr BTK inhibitor of blends of PMMA and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) with

natural (PM) or organically modified montmorillonite clays (Cloisite 30B, 25A, and 15A) were prepared by solution mixing and the effect of clay on the phase separation behavior along with morphologies of nanocomposites was investigated. Nanocomposites containing clay C30B prepared from methyl ethyl ketone showed the noticeable decrease in the cloud points. None of the other nanocomposites showed the increase in the cloud point. Location of clay particles in the phase separated matrix is observed to be different depending on the type of clays and solvents. The lowest cloud point of nanocomposites containing C30B may arise from the good dispersion of C30B where Clay C30B may act www.selleckchem.com/products/ve-821.html as the nucleating agent inducing phase separation. Dynamic mechanical and thermal analyses support above

observations. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 49-57, 2010″
“Background: There are limited data comparing ultrafiltration with standard medical therapy as first-line treatment in patients with severe congestive heart failure (HF). We compared ultrafiltration and conventional therapy in patients hospitalized for HF and overt fluid overload.

Methods and Results: Fifty-six patients with congestive HF were randomized to receive standard medical therapy (control group; n = 29) or ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration group; n = 27). The primary end point of the study was rehospitalizations for congestive HF during a 1-year follow-up. Despite similar body weight reduction at hospital discharge in the 2 groups (7.5 +/- 5.5 and 7.9 +/- 9.0 kg, respectively; P = .75), a lower incidence of rehospitalizations for HF was observed in the ultrafiltration-treated patients during the following year (hazard ratio 0.14, 95% confidence interval 0.04-0.48; P = .002). Ultrafiltration-induced benefit was associated with a more stable renal function, unchanged furosemide dose, and lower B-type natriuretic peptide levels. At 1 year, 7 deaths (30%) occurred in the ultrafiltration group and 11(44%) in the control group (P = .33).