Our findings give deeper insights into the mechanisms of intramembrane-cleaving proteases

and the impact on viral infections.”
“We used magnetic resonance imaging to examine the effect of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (E-EPA) on hippocampal T-2 relaxation time in first episode psychosis patients at baseline and after 12 weeks of follow-up There was an increase in T-2 in the placebo group but not in the E-EPA group, suggesting a neuroprotective effect of E-EPA treatment In addition, the smaller the increase in T-2, the greater the improvement in negative symptoms. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd All rights reserved.”
“Recent developments in the technology to breed and house laboratory rodents for medical research has produced individually Cisplatin concentration ventilated cage (IVC) systems. These IVC systems produce a cage environment significantly different to conventional cages. As it is not known in detail whether housing mice in IVCs impacts on their baseline and drug-induced behaviours compared to mice of conventional filter-top cages a comprehensive multi-tiered phenotyping strategy was used to test the behavioural consequences of IVC housing in male and female C57BL/6JArc mice. IVC had anxiety-like effects in the elevated plus maze, which were more pronounced H 89 purchase in female mice whereas cognition and locomotion of all test mice

were not modified by IVC housing. Mice raised in IVC cage systems were socially more active than mice of filter-top systems. Furthermore, males raised in IVC exhibited an increased

sensitivity to the locomotor-stimulating effects of acute MK-801 treatment compared to males in conventional cages. In summary, this is the first study revealing the WH-4-023 ic50 longer-term effects of IVC housing on social behaviours and the locomotor response to an acute MK-801 challenge. In conclusion, researchers upgrading their holding facilities to IVC housing may encounter a shift in experimental outcomes (e.g. post pharmacological challenges) and the behavioural phenotype of test mice. Furthermore, differences between the housing conditions of breeding facilities and test facilities must carefully be considered. Finally, researchers should clarify in detail the type of housing test animals have been exposed to when publishing experimental animal research data. (C) 2013 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A pediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine would be desirable to protect infants against HIV-1 transmission from breast-feeding. Such a vaccine would need to induce protective immunity at mucosal surfaces in neonates as soon as possible after birth. Recombinant adenovirus (rAd) vectors have been shown to elicit potent systemic and mucosal virus-specific immune responses in adult nonhuman primates and humans, but these vectors have not previously been comprehensively studied in infants.