J Appl Physiol 2008,105(1):274–81.PubMedCrossRef 98. Kobayashi H, Borsheim E, Anthony TG, Traber DL, Badalamenti J, Kimball SR, Jefferson LS, Wolfe RR: Reduced amino acid availability inhibits muscle protein synthesis and decreases activity of initiation factor eIF2B. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003,284(3):E488–98. 99. Miller SL, Tipton KD, Chinkes DL, Wolf SE, Wolfe RR: Independent and combined effects of amino acids and glucose after resistance exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003,35(3):449–55.PubMedCrossRef 100. Rasmussen BB, Tipton KD, Miller SL, Wolf SE, Wolfe RR: An oral essential amino acid-carbohydrate
see more supplement selleck inhibitor enhances muscle protein anabolism after resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol 2000,88(2):386–92.PubMed
101. Rasmussen BB, Wolfe RR, Volpi E: Oral and intravenously administered amino acids produce similar effects on muscle protein synthesis in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2002,6(6):358–62.PubMed 102. Tipton KD, Rasmussen BB, Miller SL, Wolf SE, Owens-Stovall SK, Petrini BE, Wolfe RR: Timing of amino acid-carbohydrate ingestion alters anabolic response of muscle to resistance exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001,281(2):E197–206.PubMed 103. Verdijk LB, Jonkers RA, Gleeson Ipatasertib ic50 BG, Beelen M, Meijer K, Savelberg HH, Wodzig WK, Dendale P, van Loon LJ: Protein supplementation before and after exercise does not further augment skeletal muscle hypertrophy after resistance training in elderly men. Am J Clin Nutr 2009,89(2):608–16.PubMedCrossRef 104. Willoughby DS, Stout JR, Wilborn CD: Effects of resistance training and protein plus amino acid supplementation on muscle anabolism, mass, and strength. Amino Acids 2007,32(4):467–77.PubMedCrossRef 105. Wolfe RR: Regulation of muscle protein by amino acids. J Nutr 2002,132(10):3219S-24S.PubMed 106. Tipton KD, Borsheim E, Wolf SE,
Sanford AP, Wolfe RR: Acute response of net muscle protein balance reflects 24-h balance after exercise and amino acid ingestion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2003,284(1):E76–89.PubMed 107. Esmarck B, Andersen JL, Olsen S, Richter EA, Mizuno M, Kjaer M: Timing of postexercise SSR128129E protein intake is important for muscle hypertrophy with resistance training in elderly humans. J Physiol 2001,535(Pt 1):301–11.PubMedCrossRef 108. Garlick PJ: The role of leucine in the regulation of protein metabolism. J Nutr 2005,135(6 Suppl):1553S-6S.PubMed 109. Garlick PJ, Grant I: Amino acid infusion increases the sensitivity of muscle protein synthesis in vivo to insulin. Effect of branched-chain amino acids. Biochem J 1988,254(2):579–84.PubMed 110. Nair KS: Leucine as a regulator of whole body and skeletal muscle protein metabolism in humans. Am J Physiol 1992,263(5 Pt 1):E928–34.PubMed 111.