1 M phosphate buffer solution which was kept in the fridge Phosp

1 M phosphate buffer solution which was kept in the fridge. Phosphate buffer solution was used as the supporting electrolyte for all electrochemical experiments. All electrochemical selleck chem inhibitor measurements were done on an AutolabPGSTAT 302N unit using a three-electrode configuration. Working electrode, counter electrode and reference electrode were an EG (5 mm diameter), platinum wire and Ag/AgCl (3 M Cl?) respectively. All solutions were de-aerated by purging with argon gas for 10 min and maintaining an argon atmosphere throughout the experiments.2.2. Electrode FabricationEG was prepared as described before [13,14]. Briefly, natural graphite was intercalated with bisulphate ions. This resulted in graphite intercalated compounds (GIC) which on exposure to thermal shock at 800 ��C yielded EG.
The EG particles were restacked without any binder to form pellets/sheets by compressing approximately a 1 g Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries weight at a pressure of 58 kPa for 6 hours. Electrodes were then fabricated from these pellets using a glass rod, copper wire, conduction silver paint and a piece of the recompressed EG [13]. A puncher was used to cut the EG pellet into a 5 mm diameter circle. One end of the copper wire was coiled and glued to one side of the EG pellet using a conducting silver paint. This piece was inserted into a glass tube and sealed (at the EG end) with an insulator (Araldite epoxy resin) leaving the other basal plane side exposed as the electrode surface. The Araldite was left to completely dry overnight. The electrode was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in the presence of K4[Fe(CN)6]/K3[Fe(CN)6] ([Fe(CN)6]3?/4?) redox probe.
2.3. Electrochemical Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Detection of Bisphenol AThe EG electrode was used to record CV and square wave Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries voltammetry (SWV) of 25.0 ��M BPA. All BPA experiments were done in PBS after optimizing the pH and pre-concentration time. Different concentrations (1.56 ��M to 50.0 ��M) of BPA were prepared and their SWV were used to plot the calibration curve and calculate the detection limit. All SWV experiments were done at room temperature at amplitude 50 mV and a frequency of 25 Hz. For real sample analysis, BPA was extracted from three samples of plastic containers using a method reported by Tu et al. [10]. Briefly, the plastic bottles were cut into small pieces and washed with distilled water. The pieces (4 g) were placed in a 100 mL flask and 50 mL distilled water was added.
This was sealed Batimastat using parafilm, ultrasonicated for 30 minutes and kept overnight at 70 ��C for 48 hours. The filtrate was diluted to 100 mL in a volumetric flask. The container samples will be referred to as B1, B2 and B3.3.?Results and Discussion3.1. Characterization of EGThe exfoliation of graphite is due to the temperature shock that leads to the vaporisation and violent expulsion of the bisulphate selleck chemicals ions accommodated between the graphite layers [12].

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